234J  Magister Adam [de Aldersbach ](d1408.) also Raymmundus de Pennaforti. (1180-1275)

“Su[m]mula clarissimi iurisco[n]sultissimiq[ue] viri Raymu[n]di : demu[m] reuisa ac castigatissime correcta : breuissimo co[m]pe[n]dio sacrame[n]torum alta co[m]plectens mysteria. de sortilegis. symonia. furto. rapina. vsura. etq[ue] [sic] varijs casibus”

 

[Cologne]: [Retro Minores, for Heinrich Quentell], 18 July 1500

$ 9,500

img_0580(Colophon (leaf cc3v): … Imp[re]ssa Colonie impensis Henrici Quentell. Anno salutis .M.ccccc. Die .xviij. mensis Iulij)

 

Quarto. 8 x5 1⁄2 inches : a-s6 t-v4 x-z6 (lacking one leaf x2 ( folio cxvii) aa-cc6 dd4.. This copy is bound in late 19th century quarter calf & marbled paper boards, rubbed with, light soiling and water stains. Numerous early or contemporary notes. And three full of notes at the end of the text.

This interesting book is an epitome in verse of Raymond of Peñafort’s Summa de poenitentia et matrimonio, with commentary and interlinear glosses. More than simply a list of sins and suggested penances, it discussed pertinent doctrines and laws of the Church that pertained to the problem or case brought to the confessor, and is widely considered an authoritative work on the subject.[1] 

 This versification is ascribed to Adamus, a 13th cent. Cistercian monk of Aldersbach in Lower Bavaria; sometimes attributed to Adam Coloniensis. Cf. F. Valls Taberner, “La ‘Summula Pauperum’ de Adam de Alderspach,” Gesammelte Aufsätze zur Kulturgeschichte Spaniens, Bd. 7 (1938), p. 69-83   In this edition Adam’s Summula de summa Raymundi itself receives a detailed prose commentary. This edition contains Raymond’s Summa with his commentary on the trees of consanguinity and affinity, which indicated whether couples were not permitted to marry because of blood kinship or sexual contact.” Thomas Izbicki [3]

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Saint Raymond of Peñafort is the Patron Saint of: Lawyers

In 1229 Raymond was appointed theologian and penitentiary to the Cardinal Archbishop of Sabina, John of Abbeville, and was summoned to Rome in 1230 by Pope Gregory IX, who appointed him chaplain and grand penitentiary.[2]  

“Raymond of Peñafort’s Summa de casibus conscientiae, including its fourth book, the Summa de matrimonio, was one of the most successful texts for pastors and confessors composed in the Middle Ages.. The Summa was subject to detailed commentary by William of Rennes, updates by John of Freiburg reflecting new papal pronouncements, and abridgment for pastors’ greater convenience. “(Ghezzi, Bert. “Saint Raymond of Penyafort”, Voices of the Saints, Loyola Press)

img_0581San Raimundo de Peñafort; compiled the Decretals of Gregory IX, which remained a major part of Church law until 1917. 
As a novice Raimundo was assigned to develop a book of case studies for confessors. The Summa de casibus poenitentiae is a guide book for Confessors made up as a case book and papal decrees and decretals concerning eucharist, celibacy, abortions, helping the poor, women with leprosy, curses, etc.{3}

He studied canon law at Bologna and taught there from 1218 to 1221. Among his works of this period were unpublished annotations of the Decretum of Gratian (flourished c. 1140; the father of the scienceof canon law) and an uncompleted treatise on canon law, Summa juris canonici.

In 1230 Pope Gregory IX called Raymond to Rome to serve as a papal chaplain to examine cases of conscience. Gregory also commissioned him to codify the papal statutes and rulings on points of canon law that had been issued since the appearance of Gratian’s Decretum. Raymond’s compilationof Gregory’s Decretals was formally promulgated in 1234. The following year he revised and reissued his Summa de casibus, with an added part on the law of matrimony.

He returned to Spain (1236) and in 1238 was elected master general of the Dominican Order. Although he resigned after only two years, he revised the constitutions of the order. The remainder of his life was devoted to various papal commissions and to missionary interests. Later he organized schools of Arabic and Hebrew studies for missionaries in Tunis and in Murcia (c. 1255), an independent Muslim kingdom in Spain. It was at his request that St. Thomas Aquinas wrote the Summa contra gentiles, a theological exposition against the heathens.

 

Mercedarian, also called Nolascan, member of Order of Our Lady of Mercy, also called Knights of Saint Eulalia, religious order founded by St. Peter Nolasco in Spain in 1218, for the purpose of ransoming Christian captives from the Moors. It was originally a military order. St. Raymond of Penafort, Nolasco’s confessor and the author of the order’s rule, based the rule on that of St. Augustine. In addition to the usual three religious vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience, the Mercedarians took a fourth vow, to offer themselves as hostages for Christian prisoners in danger of losing their faith.

The habit of a Mercedarian is white, originally to facilitate entrance into Muslim territory, and he wears a wide leather belt with a chain, suggesting the sword that all members once customarily carried.

Pope Gregory IX approved the order in 1235, and it spread rapidly through Europe. During the founder’s lifetime, the order freed 2,700 prisoners and, overall, claimed to have freed about 70,000 prisoners. In 1265 a second order of Mercedarians for women was founded in Spain by St. Mary de Cervello.   In 1318 Pope John XXII decreed that the leader of the order should be a priest, an action that caused lay knights to leave the Mercedarians and join a military order of Our Lady of Montesa. The Mercedarians subsequently became a mendicant order. Mercedarians accompanied Columbus to America and founded monasteries in Latin America. They also established themselves in Africa, Italy, France, and Ireland.    In 1602 a reform movement led by Juan Bautista Gonzalez resulted in the Discalced Mercedarians, whose rule was approved in 1606 by Pope Paul V. The anticlerical mood of the 19th century came close to extinguishing the Mercedarians. In 1880, however, Pedro Armengol Valenzuela became master general, revised their constitution, and guided the order to educational, charitable, and social work, activities which the Mercedarians continued to pursue in the 20th century.

Raymond died at the age of 100 in Barcelona in 1275 and was canonized by Pope Clement VIII in 1601. He was buried in the Cathedral of Santa Eulalia in Barcelona.

The Miracle:

Raymond of Penyafort served as the confessor for King James I of Aragon, who was a loyal son of the Church but allowed his lustful desires to shackle him. While on the island of Majorca to initiate a campaign to help convert the Moors living there, the king brought his mistress with him. Raymond reproved the king and asked him repeatedly to dismiss his concubine. This the king refused to do. Finally, the saint told the king that he could remain with him no longer and made plans to leave for Barcelona. But the king forbade Raymond to leave the island, and threatened punishment to any ship captain who dared to take him. Saint Raymond then said to his Dominican companion, “Soon you will see how the King of heaven will confound the wicked deeds of this early king and provide me with a ship!” They then went down to the seashore where Raymond took off his cappa (the long black cloak the Dominicans wear over the white tunic and scapular), and spread one end of it on the water while rigging the other end to his walking staff. Having thus formed a miniature mast, Raymond bid the other Dominican to hop on, but his companion, lacking the saint’s faith, refused to do so. Then Raymond bid him farewell, and with the sign of the cross he pushed away from the shore and miraculously sailed away on his cloak. Skirting around the very boats that had forbidden him passage, the saint was seen by scores of sailors who shouted in astonishment and urged him on. Raymond sailed the ~160 miles to Barcelona in the space of six hours, where his landing was witnessed by a crowd of amazed spectators. Touched by this miracle, King James I renounced his evil ways and thereafter led a good life.[4]

St. Raymond of Peñafort’s feast day was inserted in the General Roman Calendar in 1671 for celebration on 23 January. In 1969 it was moved to 7 January, the day after that of his death.[10]   He is the patron saint of canon lawyers, specifically, and lawyers, in general, in addition to being the unofficial patron saint of making a superb exit, due to the nature of his most famous miracle.

Copies in the U.S.:   1)Harvard                                                                                                2)Library of Congress,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         3)Univ. of California                                                                                                                            4)Yale Univ.

Goff A48; H 13710*; Voull(K) 998; Pell Ms 9995 (9785); Polain(B) 11; IBE 29; IDL 11; IBP 21; Voull(B) 996; Sack(Freiburg) 21; Wilhelmi 1; Kind (Göttingen) 1214; Walsh 467; Pr 1366; BMC I 292; BSB-Ink A-23; GW 216.

{1&2 }O’Kane, Michael. “St. Raymond of Peñafort.” The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 30 Jan. 2014

  1. O’Kane, Michael. “St. Raymond of Peñafort.” The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 30 Jan. 2014

{3}Thomas Izbicki.  “Manuscript Studies:A Journal of the Schoenberg
Institute for Manuscript Studies University of Pennsylvania Press Volume 2, Number 2.

eeed

  1. ^ Attwater, Donald and Catherine Rachel John. The Penguin Dictionary of Saints. 3rd edition. New York: Penguin Books, 1993. ISBN 0-14-051312-4.
  2. ^ Lindberg, David C. (1978). Science in the Middle Ages. p. 77. ISBN 9780226482330.
  3. ^ McAbe, Ina Baghdiantz (2008). Orientalism in Early Modern France. Oxford: Berg Publishing. p. 29. ISBN 978-1-84520-374-0.
  4. ^ Ghezzi, Bert. “Saint Raymond of Penyafort”, Voices of the Saints, Loyola Press
  5. ^ This story was derived in part from Saint Raymond of Peñafort written by Michael Morris, OP, published in Magnificat, January 2004/Vol. 5, No. 12
  6. ^ Smith, Damian J., Crusade, Heresy and Inquisition in the Lands of the Crown of Aragon, Brill, 2010ISBN 9789004182899
  7. ^ “Calendarium Romanum” (Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 1969), pp. 85 and 114

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